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City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 1 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Monday, June 1, 2026 3:00 PM City Council Chambers Call to Order and Roll Call There were present: Mayor Lisa Burtenshaw Council President Jim Francis Councilor Michelle Ziel-Dingman (Left at 5:40) Councilor Jim Freeman Councilor John Radford Councilor Kirk Larsen Councilor Brandon Lee (On Teams, present from 3:04 pm – 5:25 pm) Also present: Shante Sanchez, Bonneville County Coroner Sherrif Hulse, Bonneville County Bryce Johnson, Police Chief Mark Hagedorn, Finance Manager/Treasurer Scott Grimmett, Fire Marshall Margaret Wimborne, Chief of Staff Cody Grodon, Building Inspector Zack Jones, City Attorney Linda Lundquist, City Clerk Mayor Burtenshaw called the meeting to order at 3:01 p.m. with the following items: Legal, Police - Review: Draft Ordinance to Ban the Sale of Kratom Overview of the Ordinance • The City is considering an ordinance to ban the sale of kratom, but not possession. • The ban would apply within Idaho Falls City limits to City residents (including online sales). • The ordinance was updated to close loopholes by including: o Synthetic and semi-synthetic kratom compounds o Related alkaloid compounds Why the Ordinance Was Proposed - Coroner’s testimony: The coroner described multiple recent deaths linked to kratom: • A 19-year-old male: toxicology showed kratom (mitragynine) as the sole cause of death. • A 23-year-old female: death ruled as acute kratom toxicity after autopsy. • Another individual in their 30s: death linked to synthetic kratom concentrate (“7-hydroxymitragynine” products). • Additional suspected/confirmed cases under investigation, including one currently hospitalized case expected to be fatal. Key findings: • At least six kratom-related deaths in ~18 months in the county. • Some cases involved pure kratom with no other drugs present. • Increasing availability of kratom in retail settings (gas stations, smoke shops). Public Health Concerns Raised City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 2 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 • Kratom acts on opioid receptors and can cause: o Respiratory suppression at high doses o Addiction-like effects similar to opioids • Synthetic concentrates appear to be more potent and more dangerous • Narcan (naloxone) does not reliably reverse kratom overdoses • Increasing use among younger individuals, including school-aged reports Law Enforcement Perspective - Sheriff and Police input: • No current statewide regulation or ban in Idaho; both state legislative efforts failed. • Enforcement challenges: o No reliable field test for kratom (unlike drugs like marijuana or meth) o Prosecutions may rely on packaging labels rather than chemical confirmation • Likely enforcement approach: o Warnings to businesses first o Focus on compliance rather than arrests • Concern about jurisdictional inconsistency: o If only Idaho Falls bans it, sales may simply shift to nearby cities or county areas Policy and Strategy Discussion • Officials framed the ordinance as: o A public health intervention o A “value statement” discouraging sale o A way to pressure broader county or state action • Some noted similar past success with hands-free driving laws, where local ordinances helped lead to statewide policy. • Other Idaho jurisdictions (e.g., Kellogg) have reportedly banned kratom sales. Business and Enforcement Impact • Most mainstream retailers (e.g., gas stations/convenience stores) are expected to comply. • Some vape shops or fringe retailers may continue selling or push boundaries. • Businesses would likely be given notice and time to remove products. Timing and Implementation - Proposed effective date discussed: • Initial suggestion: immediate or July 1 • Final leaning: July 1 effective date • Allow time for business notification, public awareness campaign, and coordination with county/City partners. Broader Themes • Strong concern about kratom being widely available and marketed as “natural” but potentially dangerous. • Emphasis on preventing youth access, reducing overdose deaths and sending a public warning message City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 3 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 • Recognition that State or federal regulation is uncertain or slow, and local action may be the fastest intervention Legal, Police, City Clerk, CDS, Fire - Review: Updates to Draft Alcohol Ordinance Overview: City leadership presented a comprehensive 34-page overhaul of alcohol regulations, describing it as a major modernization and consolidation of existing law. The effort aims to unify and clarify alcohol- related rules while addressing public safety concerns and long-standing inconsistencies in enforcement. 1. Purpose and Structure of the Rewrite Officials explained that current alcohol regulations are fragmented across three separate ordinances (beer, wine, and liquor), which has created confusion, inconsistency, and enforcement challenges. Key problems identified: • Conflicting rules across license types • Inconsistent updates between ordinances • Administrative inefficiency for staff and applicants • Enforcement errors (e.g., incorrect citations depending on beverage type) • Legal vulnerabilities exploited in court due to technical inconsistencies Core solution: • Merge all alcohol licensing rules into a single unified ordinance • Standardize definitions, licensing procedures, enforcement language, and application processes • Eliminate duplicated or conflicting provisions Exception: • Alcohol permitting for City-owned property and public event spaces (parks, streets, City venues) remains separate due to its unique operational and legal framework 2. Building Code, Safety, and Event Space Concerns A major portion of the discussion focused on how alcohol service intersects with fire code and building safety standards, particularly in commercial event spaces. Staff perspective: • Fire and building codes are based on national safety standards and account for increased risk when alcohol is present • Alcohol consumption slows occupant response time in emergencies, requiring stricter safety measures (exits, alarms, sprinklers, occupancy limits) • Some venues are operating like permanent event centers using repeated temporary alcohol permits instead of upgrading to required occupancy classifications (such as A2 assembly use) Policy concern: • Temporary alcohol catering permits were intended for occasional events, not continuous nightlife- style operations • Repeated use of these permits can create “de facto bars” without appropriate safety upgrades City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 4 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Proposed response: • Gradually reduce reliance on temporary permits • Encourage formal “change of use” upgrades for venues operating at higher intensity Council concerns: • High cost of compliance (e.g., sprinkler systems and renovations) • Whether current fire/building thresholds are too rigid or outdated • Economic impact on event venues and businesses Core tension: • Public safety requirements vs. cost and feasibility for businesses • Intended use of permits vs. evolving commercial practices • Legal authority of the City under state alcohol regulations 3. Alcohol Policy Goals and Server Training Context Through all discussions, staff emphasized that the ordinance is designed to address alcohol-related harm, including DUIs, assaults and fights, public disturbances and vandalism and disorderly conduct. The policy’s intent is to reduce overservice of alcohol, improve compliance with state law and standardize expectations for businesses across the City 4. Enforcement, Suspension, and Appeals Reforms The ordinance significantly strengthens and clarifies enforcement provisions. Key changes: • Clear definitions of suspension and revocation triggers • A structured escalation system within a 5-year window: o 1st violation: 7-day suspension o 2nd: 10-day suspension o 3rd: 14-day suspension + $1,000 fine o 4th: license revocation Appeals process: • Decisions by the City clerk (approve/deny/suspend/revoke) may be appealed to City Council • Review standard: whether substantial evidence supports findings and whether the decision was legally correct • Special event permits may be immediately terminated by fire, police, or parks officials during active safety concerns, with limited appeal options 5. Server Training Requirement Debate A central policy disagreement emerged over mandatory alcohol server training compliance tracking. Arguments for removal: • Administrative burden and staffing concerns • Questionable evidence linking training directly to reduced crime • Perception that many businesses already comply voluntarily or through insurance/TIPS programs City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 5 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Arguments for retention (Chief Johnson and staff): • Documented cases of overserving leading to DUI crashes, assaults, and public disorder • Training is a preventative tool used successfully in other cities (including Boise) • Removal could reverse safety improvements seen in downtown areas • Overserving remains a significant contributing factor to alcohol-related incidents Key clarification: • The City is not tracking individual servers • Businesses only provide a compliance attestation, reducing administrative workload compared to earlier versions of the proposal 6. Private Events, Permitting, and Regulatory Balance The discussion also addressed how private events fit into the regulatory system. Issues raised: • Risk that loosely defined “private events” could operate as unregulated commercial drinking venues • Landlords renting spaces for alcohol events effectively creating revenue-generating nightlife venues without full regulatory compliance Proposed middle ground: • Use of catering permits as a structured option for temporary alcohol service • Recommendation to consult specialized alcohol attorneys due to complexity across state, county, and City regulatory systems 7. Public Process Timeline • June 2–June 21: Public outreach and stakeholder engagement • June 22: Second council work session to review feedback • July 9 (tentative): Final ordinance adoption Council emphasized that: • Public input will be collected and summarized • Major changes are expected at structured review points rather than continuously between meetings 8. Closing Direction The council generally agreed to proceed with the current draft, continue public outreach, and revisit feedback at the June 22 work session. The Mayor thanked participants for their work as the discussion concluded and the meeting transitioned to other agenda items. Mayor’s Office - Update: ERP Status & Timeline City leadership explained that after about 18 months of planning and implementation, the organization is now approaching “go-live” for a new integrated HR and finance system, replacing a 26-year-old legacy system and consolidating multiple separate platforms into one system. City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 6 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Timeline • June 14: HR portion of Workday goes live • July 1: Finance portion goes live • Immediate period: “Cutover planning” begins, including temporary blackout periods for hiring, promotions, and some purchasing activities (with emergency workarounds available) What will change for employees • One unified system for HR, payroll, timekeeping, and finance tasks • Employees will be able to: o Update personal information and benefits online (no paper forms) o Submit time-off requests digitally o Access org charts, job info, and employee directories • Managers will: o Approve requests via computer or mobile devices (cloud-based access, no VPN required) o Have streamlined visibility into workflows and employee data • The system uses role-based security and multi-factor authentication to protect sensitive data Training and support • Training begins immediately: o Basic employee and manager training next week (online for employees, in- person/interactive for managers) o Additional finance and purchasing training throughout mid-to-late June • Ongoing support will include: o Online resource center with videos and guides o In-person help options during transition o Department-based Q&A sessions • A “Change Champions” group from across departments is helping support adoption and communication Operational impacts • All employees will need City email addresses, including seasonal workers, to access the system • Temporary restrictions (blackout periods) will help ensure clean data migration and system setup Overall status - Leadership described the project as: • On track and entering final implementation phase • Intensively tested over the last months • Supported by strong internal collaboration and consultant feedback • Expected to have some early “bumps,” but overall considered a well-executed rollout plan City Council, Mayor – Discussion: Citywide updates, concerns, questions, reports: Mayor Burtenshaw City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 7 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 • Consent agenda clarification o Proposed a clearer standard: items may be placed on consent if they are routine or replacement purchases, regardless of dollar amount. o Even large purchases (e.g., utility poles) could remain on consent if routine. o Council members can still ask questions by bringing department directors forward without removing items from consent. o Items should only be removed from consent if a member intends to vote “no” or table them. o Emphasized improving consistency and training for directors and council. • Water system and parks coordination o Supported viewing surface water conversion as a Citywide water initiative, not just a Parks Department issue. o Suggested the Water Department should help address irrigation challenges and funding for equipment like sprinkler heads. o Emphasized this is a Citywide water management issue, not just Parks. o Encouraged a more holistic, cross-department approach. • Jefferson Street / sidewalk notice issue o Confirmed staff are still contacting residents who received letters. o Acknowledged need to refine communication and enforcement processes to avoid confusion or overly aggressive notices. • Housing and zoning policy update o Referenced a statewide housing coalition report reviewing zoning codes. o Noted new state laws affecting ADUs (accessory dwelling units), density, setbacks, and parking rules. o Mentioned the City has about one year to update its zoning code to comply. o Highlighted ongoing internal review of parking minimums and land use standards. • Community engagement o Announced intention to begin informal Saturday morning community walks along the Greenbelt. Council Member Dingman • Nothing to add at this time Council Member Larsen • Asked for clarification on: o How consent agenda items are defined and labeled. o Whether memos clearly indicate “replacement” or “already budgeted” items. • Supported clearer documentation standards in consent agenda packets. • Asked for clarification on Jefferson project and how the letters were being handled. Council Member Francis • Briefly confirmed attendance at the AIC (Association of Idaho Cities) meeting. Council Member Radford • Shared a positive experience at Funland’s new food offerings and noted employee discount availability. • Shared that a statewide housing/zoning analysis report was received and will be distributed. • Noted ongoing discussion around ADU regulations and density rules. City Council Work Session Meeting Minutes 8 680 Park Avenue Idaho Falls, ID 83402 • Discussion of balancing code enforcement with communication. • Raised concerns and ideas about parking minimum reform as part of housing policy. • Leading a Saturday Community Walk, beginning on June 6th at 8 a.m. • Asked if there was a Farmer’s Market update. Council Member Freeman • Provided several updates: o Parks and irrigation issues related to surface water conversion: ▪ Equipment damage (sprinkler heads clogging due to canal water). ▪ Watering schedule constraints requiring daytime irrigation. ▪ Need for improved filtration and infrastructure investment. o Discussed outreach and communication around water conservation efforts. o Mentioned ongoing updates about parks projects (including exhibits and facility openings). Additional Council Discussion (collective / interjections) • Parking reform workgroup being formed (focused on minimum parking requirements and landscaping standards). • Jefferson Street process moving toward structured homeowner outreach. There being no further business, the meeting adjourned at 5:50 PM /s/ Linda Lundquist_________________ /s/ Lisa Burtenshaw _____________ Linda Lundquist, City Clerk Lisa Burtenshaw, Mayor Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department THE THREE-TIER APPROACH TO ALCOHOL HARM REDUCTION Training | Education | Enforcement Outcomes Across Surrounding States: DUI, Assaults, Batteries, Injury Crashes, Fatality Crashes, and Underage Drinking Prepared for Idaho Falls City Hall | Idaho Falls Police Department | March 2026 Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 1: THE THREE-TIER FRAMEWORK — WHY ALL THREE TIERS MUST WORK TOGETHER Research across every jurisdiction that has successfully reduced alcohol-related harm shows a consistent finding: training alone is not enough, enforcement alone is not enough, and education alone is not enough. The programs that produce lasting, measurable reductions in DUIs, assaults, batteries, injury crashes, and underage drinking are those that combine all three tiers simultaneously and sustain them over time. TIER 1 — TRAINING: Mandatory Server/Seller Certification Training targets the point of service — the moment alcohol is physically handed to a patron. Trained servers know how to recognize signs of intoxication before a patron reaches dangerous levels, know how to refuse service in a way that does not escalate, know how to check IDs accurately to prevent underage sales, and understand their legal liability under state dram shop laws. Training changes behavior at the source, before anyone leaves the establishment impaired. • Addresses: over-service, underage sales, intoxicated patron management • Result: fewer intoxicated people leaving establishments • Downstream effect: fewer DUIs, fewer bar-district assaults, fewer impaired crash victims, fewer unconscious persons in public TIER 2 — EDUCATION: Engagement Between Law Enforcement and Business Owners Education is law enforcement proactively visiting licensed establishments, building relationships with owners and managers, explaining compliance expectations, sharing data on which businesses are generating the most calls for service, and giving establishments the opportunity to correct problems before formal enforcement action. This is not a soft approach — it is a documented strategy that produces voluntary compliance and dramatically reduces resistance from bar owners. • Addresses: owner buy-in, staff awareness, early identification of problem establishments • Result: establishments self-policing, voluntary training uptake, reduced adversarial relationships between police and bars • Downstream effect: reduced calls for service at specific problem locations, improved community relationships, better intelligence on compliance issues TIER 3 — ENFORCEMENT: DUI Units and Bar District Presence with Authority Enforcement creates deterrence. When bar owners and patrons know that police are not only present but actively enforcing compliance, behavior changes. High-visibility enforcement — including DUI saturation patrols, compliance checks, and dedicated bar district units empowered to act — produces measurable reductions in impaired driving and alcohol-related violence. The key distinction from what Idaho Falls is doing now is that enforcement must be purposeful and empowered, not simply reactive babysitting. • Addresses: deterrence, accountability for problem establishments, DUI interdiction, underage enforcement Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • Result: increased perceived risk of getting caught, reduced DUI incidents, documented reduction in bar-district violence • Downstream effect: sustained behavior change, not just suppression during active patrol periods What Happens Without All Three Tiers Training without enforcement produces knowledge without accountability — servers may know what to do but face no consequence for not doing it. Enforcement without training produces a revolving door — officers remove intoxicated people from the street while the establishments continue producing them. Education without enforcement produces good intentions with no follow-through. Every state in this report that achieved lasting reductions deployed all three tiers together. Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 2: SURROUNDING STATE PROFILES — PROGRAM STATUS AND OUTCOMES The following profiles cover Oregon, Washington, California, Utah, Montana, and Wyoming — the states most relevant to Idaho Falls' policy consideration. Each profile documents the training requirement status, education and engagement programs in place, enforcement approach, and measured outcomes across the categories most relevant to Idaho Falls: DUIs, assaults, batteries, injury crashes, fatality crashes, and underage drinking. OREGON — The Benchmark State Training Status Oregon was the first state in the United States to mandate alcohol server training, doing so in December 1986 through the Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission (OLCC). Every person who serves, mixes, or sells alcohol at a licensed on-premises establishment must hold a valid OLCC Alcohol Service Permit. The permit requires completion of an approved alcohol server education course and passage of a state exam. Recertification is required every five years. As of March 2025, House Bill 4138 expanded the requirement, further tightening who must hold a permit and eliminating grace periods for certain roles. Education and Enforcement Oregon's OLCC Enforcement and Education Division conducts ongoing compliance checks, works directly with licensees to address problems, and refers chronic problem establishments for license action. Oregon's law enforcement agencies receive training in SFST (Standardized Field Sobriety Testing) and ARIDE (Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement). The OLCC's data-sharing program provides licensees with information about DUI arrests traced back to their establishment as the last-drink location — directly pressuring businesses to manage service practices. Measured Outcomes Nighttime alcohol-involved crashes (single-vehicle, high alcohol correlation): • Year 1 post-mandate (1987): 11% reduction • Year 2: 18% reduction • Year 3 (1989): 23% reduction • By 1989, over 50% of all Oregon servers and managers were trained — reductions grew as the trained percentage increased • 68% of trained servers self-reported positive changes in their own behavior and serving practices • Results were statistically significant and independent of other policy changes in the same period DUI injury crash reduction potential (PIRE Oregon estimate): Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • A full mandatory face-to-face server training program with management support: potential 17% reduction in nighttime DUI injury crashes • Estimated cost: approximately $80 per licensed driver • Estimated crash-cost savings: approximately $300 per licensed driver Underage drinking: • The Oregon mandatory server training program was explicitly founded on the goal of reducing intoxicated drivers and underage drinking — the legislature cited both as the primary rationale • Rutgers University research cited by California's ABC found that states implementing mandatory RBS laws saw drops in deaths involving underage drinking drivers Source: Holder & Wagenaar (1994), Accident Analysis & Prevention; Oregon OLCC; PIRE Oregon Resources; CA ABC Regulatory Impact Assessment WASHINGTON — The MAST Model Training Status Washington State enacted the Mandatory Alcohol Server Training (MAST) program in 1995, making it one of the earliest comprehensive mandatory programs in the western United States. All servers, bartenders, managers, and supervisors at licensed on-premises establishments must hold a MAST permit — either a Class 12 (mixologist/manager, age 21+) or Class 13 (server, age 18+). Training must be completed within 60 days of hire. The permit is valid for five years. Over 100,000 Washingtonians currently hold active MAST permits. Education and Enforcement Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board (WSLCB) receives monthly DUI data from the Washington State Patrol's Breath Test Program. When a licensed establishment is identified as the last-drink location for multiple DUI arrests, the WSLCB Enforcement and Education Division contacts the establishment directly. This creates a direct accountability loop between DUI enforcement data and the business responsible for the over-service. The WSLCB emphasizes education before punishment for first violations but enforces compliance firmly for repeat problems. Measured Outcomes DUI / impaired crashes: • Washington saw a documented 10% drop in alcohol-related crashes following MAST program updates • Between January 1 and December 9, 2024, WSLCB received over 14,600 DUI reports from Washington State Patrol — the average BAC was 0.15%, nearly double the legal limit, confirming that over-service is occurring and that enforcement must remain active • Approximately 27% of 2024 DUI cases involved a collision — these are the injury and fatality crash numbers that server training directly targets Assaults and violence: Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • Washington's RBS refusal rate for obviously intoxicated patrons was documented at 27.1% in a recent study — higher than states without mandatory training but still below what full enforcement achieves (Oregon reached 68% self-reported behavior change after mandates took effect) • The gap between 27% and 68% represents the enforcement tier — training alone gets results, training plus enforcement pushes those results significantly further Underage drinking: • The Washington Legislature's stated founding rationale for MAST was that educating alcohol servers promotes public health and is in the best interest of citizens — specifically naming underage drinking prevention as a primary goal • MAST training includes mandatory ID-checking procedures and specific instruction on recognizing fake IDs and refusing service to minors Source: Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board; MAST Program documentation; WSLCB 2024 DUI Report; Craft Serving WA FAQ; PIRE Washington Resources CALIFORNIA — The Largest State Mandate and the Full-Court Press Model Training Status California enacted AB 1221 in 2017, creating the Responsible Beverage Service Training Program Act. Mandatory RBS training for all on-premises alcohol servers and managers took effect July 1, 2022. Approximately 1,000,000 servers at 56,000 licensed establishments are covered. Training must be completed within 60 days of hire. Certification is valid for three years. California's program is administered through the Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control and includes a state-administered online exam. Education and Enforcement — The Alcohol Policing Partnership California's ABC has operated the Alcohol Policing Partnership (APP) Program since 1995, providing grant funding to local law enforcement agencies to develop targeted, comprehensive enforcement strategies at problem alcohol outlets. The APP model is directly relevant to what Idaho Falls is trying to build. Key elements: • Combined training of law enforcement and ABC agents assigned to the same grant agencies • Undercover compliance investigations at problem outlets • Community engagement and notification programs • Dedicated records management systems tracking alcohol-related calls, arrests, and crimes at specific outlets • Full-court press strategy: education, training, undercover enforcement, community involvement, and media outreach operating simultaneously Measured Outcomes Calls for service: • The California ABC APP Program documented measurable reductions in calls for police service at targeted problem outlets Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • Community conditions improved in neighborhoods impacted by problem bars — reduced loitering, litter, public intoxication, drug activity • The program's documented success led to its continuation and expansion over nearly 30 years DUI / impaired crashes: • Over 9,000 people were killed in alcohol-related crashes in California between 2009 and 2018 — AB 1221 was specifically passed to reduce this toll • San Diego County research (2000-2013, 20 cities): RBS laws contributed to a statistically significant reduction in DUI citation rates, including among drivers aged 16-20 • The yearly cost of excessive alcohol consumption to California's economy was $35 billion in 2010, per California's own regulatory impact assessment — this was the economic driver behind mandatory training Patron intoxication / over-service (California RBS Study, 2025): • Before mandatory training: the baseline refusal rate for obviously intoxicated patrons in California was 21% • After RBS mandate implementation: refusal rates increased, with the prevalence of legal intoxication reduced by half — from 33% to 15% among male patrons in a study of Bay Area establishments • This directly translates to fewer intoxicated people leaving establishments to drive or engage in violence Assaults and violence: • National research synthesized in the California regulatory impact assessment: alcohol is involved in 50% of all assaults and 76% of violent incidents between intimate partners • RBS training programs have the potential to reduce violence and assaults in addition to impaired driving — the mechanism is identical: fewer intoxicated patrons leaving establishments Underage drinking: • The Rutgers University study cited by California's ABC found that states implementing RBS laws saw drops in deaths involving underage drinking drivers • California's program explicitly targets both over-service to intoxicated adults and service to minors under the same certification requirement Source: California ABC RBS Program; CA AB 1221 SRIA; Alcohol Policing Partnership; San Diego County OJP Study; Saltz et al. (2025) JSAD; PIRE UTAH — Mandatory Training in the Most Restrictive Alcohol Environment Training Status Utah has mandatory alcohol server training for all on-premises servers. Every individual employed to sell or furnish alcohol for on-premises consumption must complete an approved Alcohol Server Training and Education Seminar within 30 days of hire — a stricter deadline than Boise's 60-day window. Recertification is required every three years. The Utah Department of Alcoholic Beverage Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department Services (DABS) maintains a web-based registry verifiable by law enforcement. Utah also has a separate mandatory EASY training requirement for beer-only off-premises sales staff. Education and Enforcement Utah combines mandatory training with some of the most restrictive alcohol regulations in the nation. The state's 0.05% BAC DUI limit — the lowest in the country — means Utah has significantly reduced the margin before impaired driving becomes illegal. Utah bans happy hour pricing promotions, requires measured pours in bars by law, and maintains state-operated liquor stores. This combination of training, education, and tight regulatory control represents the most comprehensive tier-one and tier- two approach of any state in the region. Measured Outcomes DUI and impaired driving: • Utah's mandatory server training, combined with its 0.05% BAC standard and strict alcohol regulations, has contributed to Utah consistently having among the lowest per-capita alcohol consumption rates in the nation • PIRE estimates for Utah: a full mandatory server training program has the potential to reduce nighttime DUI injury crashes by 17% at approximately $60 per licensed driver, saving approximately $200 per licensed driver in crash costs Underage drinking: • Utah has a not-a-drop zero-tolerance law for underage drivers — any detectable alcohol constitutes a DUI for drivers under 21 • Server training requires specific instruction on recognizing and refusing service to minors, and servers must complete training before serving — not within 30 days after Source: Utah DABS; Utah Division of Substance Abuse; TIPS Utah; 360Training; PIRE Utah Resources; RBS Certification by State Guide MONTANA — The Cautionary Example of What Happens Without Training Training Status Montana does NOT mandate alcohol server training. Training is voluntary. Individual employers may require it, but there is no statewide legal requirement, and most establishments do not mandate certification. Montana relies on post-conviction treatment — the ACT (Assessment, Course, Treatment) program for DUI offenders — rather than prevention at the point of service. Enforcement Approach Montana's Highway Patrol works with tribal law enforcement on targeted DUI enforcement efforts. However, sobriety checkpoints are not allowed under Montana law, limiting enforcement options. Montana has a special team devoted to reducing impaired driving crashes, and overall traffic fatalities are trending downward due to education and enforcement — but without mandatory server training as tier one, Montana continues to generate impaired drivers from licensed establishments at a high rate. Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department Measured Outcomes — The Cost of Not Having All Three Tiers DUI and impaired driving fatalities: • 2017: 61% of ALL Montana traffic fatalities involved an impaired driver — one of the highest rates in the nation • 2020: 66% of Montana traffic fatalities involved an impaired driver • 2022: 34% of Montana fatalities were alcohol-impaired (down from 2020 peak, but still above national average of 32%) • 2023: Montana exceeded the national average of alcohol-impaired driver fatalities per million vehicle miles traveled — national average 0.38, Montana's rate 0.52 • Montana has the highest percentage of rural vehicle miles traveled in the nation, and 42% of crash costs are attributable to alcohol National context: • Montana and Wyoming, the two states in this region without mandatory server training, consistently rank among the highest in per-capita impaired driving incidents • CDC data shows Montana adults are significantly more likely to drive after drinking than the average American Source: Montana Department of Transportation; Alcolock DUI Statistics; FindLaw Montana DUI; PIRE Montana Resources; CDC WYOMING — Voluntary Training, High Impaired Driving Burden Training Status Wyoming does NOT mandate alcohol server training. Server training is voluntary. Individual businesses may choose to train staff, often for insurance purposes, but there is no state or municipal requirement for certification. Wyoming is among the states where alcohol-related harm remains elevated without the structural prevention that mandatory training provides. Enforcement Approach The Wyoming Governor's Council on Impaired Driving focuses on education, enforcement, and support strategies. The state uses DUI data and targeted enforcement campaigns. Wyoming's approach is enforcement-heavy by necessity — without tier-one training, enforcement is bearing the full weight of a problem that starts upstream at the point of service. Measured Outcomes — Another Example of the Training Gap Impaired driving statistics: • Wyoming averaged 1,100 alcohol-involved crashes per year over the past decade • More than 50 people die in Wyoming every year from alcohol-involved crashes • The average BAC of people arrested for DUI in Wyoming is almost double the legal limit — confirming extreme over-service before drivers get on the road Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • Almost 90% of those who died in alcohol-involved crashes in Wyoming were not wearing seatbelts — indicating high-risk behavior patterns that trained server intervention could interrupt earlier Projected impact of mandatory training for Wyoming (PIRE estimate): • 17% reduction in nighttime DUI injury crashes with a full mandatory server training program • Cost: approximately $60 per licensed driver; savings: approximately $200 per licensed driver in prevented crash costs Source: Wyoming Governor's Council on Impaired Driving (WYGCID); PIRE Wyoming Resources; Wyoming Department of Transportation Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 3: WHAT THE DATA SHOWS ACROSS ALL SIX OUTCOME CATEGORIES The following summarizes research findings across all the outcome categories most relevant to Idaho Falls, drawing on all states and the national research base. DUI Arrests and Impaired Driving Incidents • Oregon: 23% reduction in nighttime alcohol-involved crashes within 3 years of mandatory training • Washington: 10% drop in alcohol-related crashes post-MAST updates • California: Statistically significant DUI rate reductions in San Diego County following RBS laws (2000-2013, 20-city study) • NHTSA / PIRE: High-visibility enforcement combined with server training reduces impaired- driving crashes by 10-35% depending on program intensity • PIRE Idaho estimate: 17% reduction in nighttime DUI injury crashes with full mandatory program • Montana (no training mandate): DUI fatality rate in 2020 was 66% of all traffic deaths — among the worst in the nation • Wyoming (no training mandate): Average DUI arrest BAC is nearly double the legal limit, indicating extreme over-service happening at establishments Assaults and Batteries • Stockholm STAD Program (server training + enforcement): 29% decrease in police-reported violent crimes in the bar district • California patron study (2022-2023): legal intoxication prevalence reduced from 33% to 15% after mandatory training — fewer intoxicated patrons means fewer assaults • ASU Center for Problem-Oriented Policing: RBS training is effective in reducing intoxication and assaults, particularly when combined with enforcement • National data: alcohol is involved in 50% of all assaults nationwide — server training directly targets the intoxication that drives this • Sweden nationwide rollout: Multi-component RBS programs had significant effects on police- recorded assaults even when implemented at large scale across many communities • Massachusetts Saving Lives program (integrated enforcement): fatal crashes involving alcohol reduced by 42%, with combined enforcement and education approach Injury Crashes • Oregon (Year 1): 11% reduction in nighttime alcohol-involved crashes; Year 3: 23% • Washington: 10% reduction documented post-MAST • NHTSA integrated enforcement: combined high publicity and enforcement reduced single- vehicle nighttime crashes by 10-35% Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • High-visibility enforcement alone (NHTSA): documented 20% reduction in drunk driving fatalities when sustained and publicized • Queensland, Australia: 29% reduction in ambulance call-outs to entertainment precincts; 52% reduction in serious assaults at late-night hours — both directly reflect reduced injury incidents Fatality Crashes • NHTSA high-visibility enforcement: can reduce drunk driving fatalities by up to 20% when combined with sustained publicity • Massachusetts Saving Lives program: 42% reduction in fatal crashes involving alcohol — the most documented comprehensive program result in U.S. history • Oregon server training: nighttime single-vehicle fatal crashes tracked separately showed consistent reductions mirroring the injury crash data • California: 9,000+ deaths in alcohol-related crashes 2009-2018 — the scale of the problem driving mandatory training • Montana (no mandatory training): 61-66% of all traffic fatalities involved an impaired driver in 2017-2020 • Wyoming (no mandatory training): 50+ deaths per year in alcohol-involved crashes; average DUI BAC nearly double the legal limit — indicating fatalities from extreme over-service Underage Drinking • Oregon: the mandatory server training mandate was specifically founded on reducing the incidence of intoxicated drivers AND underage drinking — the legislature cited both • Washington: MAST training explicitly addresses underage ID checking, fake ID recognition, and service refusal to minors; the 2024 DUI data shows the program's role in reducing underage impaired incidents • California RBS (2025 study): refusal rates to obviously intoxicated patrons nearly doubled after mandate — the same server training directly addresses minor service refusal with identical mechanisms • San Diego County: RBS laws contributed to significant reductions in DUI citation rates specifically among drivers aged 16-20 • Rutgers University (cited by California ABC): states implementing mandatory RBS laws saw drops in deaths involving underage drinking drivers • NHTSA: Montgomery County, Maryland's Whiskey Unit — specialized alcohol enforcement team splitting time 50/50 between enforcement and education — directly reduced underage drinking incidents through the combined engagement model • Washington MAST permit data: refusal rates to obviously intoxicated patrons in Washington (mandatory training state) are 27.1% — compared to 6.8% in California before their mandate took effect. A trained server is four times more likely to refuse service than an untrained one. Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 4: THE THREE-TIER MODEL IN PRACTICE — WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE ON THE GROUND What Tier 1 (Training) Looks Like in Idaho Falls • Ordinance passed requiring all servers, bartenders, and managers to complete approved certification within 60 days of hire • Idaho State Police ABC partners with IFPD to host free classroom training sessions in Idaho Falls for existing staff • IFPD tracks certification compliance as part of licensing inspections — the tracker spreadsheet already built supports this • Establishments that fail compliance checks are referred to city licensing for action What Tier 2 (Education) Looks Like in Idaho Falls • IFPD officers assigned to the bar district unit meet with establishment owners and managers quarterly — not just when there is a problem • Officers share data: which establishments are generating the most calls for service, how their numbers compare to others, and what specific behaviors are creating problems • Officers explain what compliance looks like, what the ordinance requires, and what will happen if violations continue • Establishments that make visible improvements are acknowledged — this builds the relationship that makes enforcement sustainable • Monthly calls-for-service data by establishment is tracked and shared internally, creating accountability What Tier 3 (Enforcement) Looks Like in Idaho Falls • The bar district unit is empowered to issue citations for server training non-compliance, not just respond to incidents • Compliance checks — undercover or plain-clothes visits confirming servers have certifications — are conducted regularly • DUI saturation patrols are coordinated with bar closing times, publicized in advance through media, and targeted at the hours and locations generating the most incidents • When an establishment generates repeated calls, formal license referral to city licensing is initiated — not just more warnings • NHTSA high-visibility enforcement: patrols are publicized before they happen. The goal is deterrence, not just arrests. When people know enforcement is coming, behavior changes before the patrol begins. The Whiskey Unit Model — A Direct Precedent for Idaho Falls Montgomery County, Maryland established a dedicated Alcohol Enforcement Unit called the Whiskey Unit — eight specially trained officers splitting their time equally between enforcement activities and Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department education. Officers received DRE (Drug Recognition Expert) training. Half their time was community engagement — presentations, business outreach, education events. Half was enforcement — compliance checks, saturation patrols, underage stings. The result was a documented reduction in both underage drinking and impaired driving incidents across the county. This is the model Idaho Falls is building. The bar district unit is not there to babysit — it is there to train, educate, and enforce. When all three tiers operate together, the 5-6 officer deployment becomes a short-term investment that produces a long-term reduction in the number of officers needed. Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 5: ADDRESSING THE QUESTION — DO ALL THESE METRICS ACTUALLY DECREASE? The short answer is yes — but the degree of decrease and the timeline depends on how comprehensively all three tiers are implemented. The following is an honest summary of what the research shows. DUIs: Yes, measurably Every state that has implemented mandatory server training has seen documented reductions in alcohol-related crash incidents. Oregon's 23% reduction is the gold standard. Washington's 10% reduction is real but reflects a training-only program without the full enforcement tier. California's comprehensive program with both RBS and active enforcement is showing the strongest combined results. Assaults and Batteries: Yes, substantially This is where the evidence is strongest. The mechanism is direct: fewer intoxicated people means fewer fights. Stockholm's 29% reduction in police-reported violence is the most rigorous long-term study available. Queensland's 49-52% reduction in serious assaults at late-night hours shows what is achievable when all three tiers are deployed together. The California RBS study showing patron intoxication cut in half is the most recent direct evidence of the training mechanism working as intended. Injury Crashes: Yes, proportional to DUI reductions Injury crashes track closely with DUI reductions — an 11-23% reduction in nighttime alcohol-involved crashes (Oregon) means a proportional reduction in the people injured in those crashes. NHTSA's research on high-visibility enforcement adds another 10-35% reduction on top of that when the enforcement tier is active. Fatality Crashes: Yes, with a lag Fatal crash reductions typically follow injury crash reductions with a 1-2 year lag. The most dramatic single result in U.S. research is Massachusetts' 42% reduction in alcohol-involved fatal crashes through a comprehensive integrated enforcement program. Oregon's data shows consistent fatal crash reductions tracking with the injury crash data. NHTSA's high-visibility enforcement research documents up to 20% reduction in drunk driving fatalities from the enforcement tier alone. Underage Drinking: Yes, with sustained enforcement Underage drinking reduction requires all three tiers working consistently. Training ensures servers can recognize minors and fake IDs. Education ensures businesses understand their liability for underage service. Enforcement — including underage decoy operations and compliance checks — ensures the training and education are being practiced. States with all three tiers show documented reductions in Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department underage DUI citations and underage drinking incidents. States with only voluntary training show no consistent improvement. The Honest Caveat None of these reductions happen overnight. Oregon's 23% reduction took three years to achieve as the percentage of trained servers increased. Washington's 10% reduction came after sustained MAST program operation. The research is consistent that the effects grow over time as trained staff become the norm rather than the exception. Idaho Falls should expect measurable improvements within the first year and substantial reductions within three years, consistent with every comparable program documented here. Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SECTION 6: KEY NUMBERS FOR CITY HALL The following statistics are sourced and ready to present. Each one connects directly to what Idaho Falls is experiencing. • 23% — Reduction in nighttime alcohol-involved crashes in Oregon within 3 years of mandatory server training (Holder & Wagenaar, 1994, Accident Analysis & Prevention) • 10% — Drop in alcohol-related crashes in Washington following MAST program updates (WSLCB) • 29% — Decrease in police-reported violent crimes in Stockholm's bar district after server training and enforcement (Wallin et al., 2003) • 49-52% — Reduction in serious assaults in Queensland, Australia entertainment precincts at late-night hours after comprehensive alcohol harm policy (QUANTEM 2019-2022) • 42% — Reduction in fatal crashes involving alcohol in Massachusetts through comprehensive integrated enforcement (Hingson et al., 1996) • 50% — Reduction in patron intoxication prevalence in California Bay Area following mandatory RBS training — from 33% to 15% (Saltz et al., 2025, Journal of Studies on Alcohol) • 27.1% vs 6.8% — Server refusal rate for obviously intoxicated patrons: Washington (mandatory training) vs. California before its mandate. Mandatory training makes servers 4x more likely to refuse service. • 17% — Projected reduction in nighttime DUI injury crashes from a full mandatory server training program in Idaho (PIRE Idaho estimate) • $200 saved per licensed driver in crash costs for every $60 spent on mandatory training (PIRE Idaho) • 40-60% — Percentage of intoxicated drivers who had their last drink at a licensed establishment (NHTSA/PIRE national research) • 50% — Share of DWI offenders whose last drink was at a bar or restaurant (national research) • 66% — Percentage of Montana traffic fatalities in 2020 involving an impaired driver — a state with NO mandatory server training • 25% — City crime reduction within 2 years after a U.S. city implemented holistic bar accountability including server training (FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 2017) Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department SOURCES • Holder, H.D. and Wagenaar, A.C. (1994). Mandated Server Training and Reduced Alcohol- Involved Traffic Crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 26(1): 89-98. • Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission (OLCC). Alcohol Service Permits. oregon.gov/olcc • Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board (WSLCB). MAST Program. lcb.wa.gov. 2024 DUI Report. • California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC). RBS Training Program; Alcohol Policing Partnership; Standardized Regulatory Impact Assessment. abc.ca.gov • California AB 1221 (2017). Responsible Beverage Service Training Program Act. • Saltz, R. et al. (2025). Mandatory Responsible Beverage Service Training in California Associated With Higher Refusals of Service. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. • San Diego County RBS Study. Impact of Retail Beverage Service Training and Social Host Laws on Adolescents' DUI Rates. Office of Justice Programs / PubMed (2018). • Utah Department of Alcoholic Beverage Services (DABS). Alcohol Server Training. abs.utah.gov • Montana Department of Transportation. Impaired Driving Data. mdt.mt.gov • Montana FindLaw. Montana DUI Laws. findlaw.com/state/montana-law • Alcolock USA. Drunk Driving Statistics in Montana. alcolockusa.com • Wyoming Governor's Council on Impaired Driving (WYGCID). wyoming-statistics. wygcid.org • PIRE (Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation). State Resources: Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Montana, Wyoming. drunk-driving.com/resources • NHTSA. Countermeasures That Work: High-Visibility Enforcement; Integrated Enforcement; High-Visibility Saturation Patrols. nhtsa.gov • NHTSA. Guide 5: Enforcement — Community How To Guide on Underage Drinking Prevention (DOT HS 809 209). one.nhtsa.gov • Wallin, E., Norstrom, T. and Andreasson, S. (2003). Alcohol Prevention Targeting Licensed Premises. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64(2): 270-277. • Frontiers in Public Health (2024). Long-term Effects of the STAD Program in Stockholm: 20- Year Follow-Up. • Queensland QUANTEM Final Report (2019-2022). University of Queensland / Deakin University. • Queensland Government Ministerial Statement (May 2022). Tackling Alcohol-Fuelled Violence Policy Evaluation. • FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (2017). Policing Liquor Establishments: A Holistic Approach. leb.fbi.gov • ASU Center for Problem-Oriented Policing. Assaults in and Around Bars. popcenter.asu.edu • Hingson, R. et al. (1996). Saving Lives Program. Massachusetts comprehensive integrated enforcement evaluation. • Heraldopenaccess.us. The Effectiveness of Responsible Beverage Service Training Programs: A Literature Review and Synthesis. • Idaho Transportation Department (ITD). Office of Highway Safety Annual Crash Reports 2018- 2024. apps.itd.idaho.gov Three-Tier Alcohol Enforcement Framework | Surrounding States Research | March 2026 | Idaho Falls Police Department • Idaho State Police Alcohol Beverage Control. abc@isp.idaho.gov | (208) 884-7060 Document prepared March 2026. Internal IFPD statistics and local data to be added by Lt. prior to presentation. All external citations are sourced from peer-reviewed research, government reports, and law enforcement publications. ERP PROJECT PLANNING FOR TOMORROW ERP Project Key Dates Training June 8 = Training sessions take place. Work with your June 29 manager to identify which training sessions you will attend. HR part of Workday goes live Employees can access Workday by desktop or June 14 the Workday Mobile app. Time entry begins in Workday. Employees and Managers should complete their Go-Live Checklist tasks. Timesheet Due Your first timesheet must be submitted and June 22 approved in Workday by June 22". Work with your manager to identify when you will submit | your timesheet so they can approve it by the deadline. Finance part of Workday goes live July 1 Financial transactions begin in Workday. Employees can enter expense reports and purchase requisitions in Workday starting July 1°. SpryMobile goes live July 6 The life cycle speed is crucial before the start. Keep an eye on updates assigned to your department. Reach out to your Change Champion with any questions. AHO FAL ERP PROJECT PLANNING FOR TOMORROW June 1 June 14 Limit hiring, promotions, and positional changes as much as possible starting June 1 Time entry for work orders begins in Workday June 18 Last date to submit purchasing request All receiving on Purchase Orders ends in Naviline Confirming Purchase Orders must be submitted Blanket Purchase Orders will be available but cannot have invoices Begin using Workday for hiring, promotions, and positional changes Cutover Timeline & Key Dates applied to them until July 1 June 23 Only requisitions completed by this date will be converted into Purchase Orders. Department staff must redo in-progress REQs in Workday after July 1 All receiving on inventory ends in Naviline Last date to purchase (PO) against a work order in Naviline June 26 Last check run in Naviline Purchasing Blackout Period June 12 - July 2 For purchases during the blackout period, staff can use P-cards for purchases up to $5,000. For emergency needs over $5,000, contact the procurement office. June 30 Cut off for financial activity in Naviline July 1 Financial activities begin in Workday Receiving on Purchase Orders resumes in Workday Receiving on inventory resumes in Workday Purchase (PO) against a work order resumes in Workday July 2 Check runs resume in Workday
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